Practice Problems: Variables & Data Types

Problem 1 Easy

Create variables for a person's first name, last name, and age. Print all three values on separate lines.

first_name = "Alice"
last_name = "Johnson"
age = 22

print(first_name)
print(last_name)
print(age)

Problem 2 Easy

Calculate the area of a rectangle with a width of 8 and a height of 5. Store the result in a variable called area and print it.

width = 8
height = 5
area = width * height
print(area)

Problem 3 Easy

Create a variable called price with the value 49.99 and a variable called quantity with the value 3. Calculate and print the total cost.

price = 49.99
quantity = 3
total = price * quantity
print(total)

Problem 4 Easy

What is the output of each expression? Write your answer first, then check.

print(15 // 4)
print(15 % 4)
print(2 ** 4)
print(10 / 3)

Problem 5 Easy

Create a variable with the value "Python" and print its length using len().

language = "Python"
print(len(language))

Problem 6 Medium

Given 500 seconds, convert it to minutes and remaining seconds. Print the result like: "8 minutes and 20 seconds".

total_seconds = 500
minutes = total_seconds // 60
seconds = total_seconds % 60
print(str(minutes) + " minutes and " + str(seconds) + " seconds")

Problem 7 Medium

Convert 72 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius using the formula: C = (F - 32) * 5/9. Store the result and print it rounded to 2 decimal places.

fahrenheit = 72
celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9
print(round(celsius, 2))

Problem 8 Medium

Create a string that says: She said "It's amazing!" and print it. (The output must include both single and double quotes.)

# Option 1: escape the double quotes
message = "She said \"It's amazing!\""
print(message)

# Option 2: use triple quotes
message = """She said "It's amazing!\""""
print(message)

Problem 9 Medium

Predict what type() will return for each value, then verify:

type(42)
type(42.0)
type("42")
type(True)
type(10 / 5)

print(type(42))      # <class 'int'>
print(type(42.0))    # <class 'float'>
print(type("42"))    # <class 'str'>
print(type(True))    # <class 'bool'>
print(type(10 / 5))  # <class 'float'> -- division always returns float!

Problem 10 Medium

A student scored 85, 92, 78, and 95 on four exams. Calculate the average and print it rounded to 1 decimal place.

score1 = 85
score2 = 92
score3 = 78
score4 = 95

average = (score1 + score2 + score3 + score4) / 4
print(round(average, 1))

Problem 11 Medium

Swap the values of two variables a = 10 and b = 20 so that a becomes 20 and b becomes 10. Print both before and after.

a = 10
b = 20
print("Before: a =", a, "b =", b)

# Python's elegant way to swap
a, b = b, a
print("After: a =", a, "b =", b)

Problem 12 Challenge

Convert the string "3.75" to an integer. What steps do you need?

text = "3.75"

# This would cause an error: int("3.75")
# Step 1: convert string to float
# Step 2: convert float to int

result = int(float(text))
print(result)

Problem 13 Challenge

Given a 4-digit number stored in a variable (e.g., 1234), extract each digit using integer division and modulo. Print each digit on its own line.

number = 1234

thousands = number // 1000
hundreds = (number // 100) % 10
tens = (number // 10) % 10
ones = number % 10

print(thousands)
print(hundreds)
print(tens)
print(ones)

Problem 14 Challenge

Create variables for a product name, price, and quantity. Build a receipt string using concatenation that looks like:
Item: Widget | Qty: 5 | Total: $49.95

product = "Widget"
price = 9.99
quantity = 5
total = price * quantity

receipt = "Item: " + product + " | Qty: " + str(quantity) + " | Total: $" + str(total)
print(receipt)

Problem 15 Challenge

Predict the output of each bool() call, then verify. Which are True and which are False?

print(bool(0))
print(bool(""))
print(bool("0"))
print(bool(" "))
print(bool(-1))
print(bool(0.0001))
print(bool(None))